Sula Essay Example For Students

Sula Essay People groups Rolls In Sula In the novel Sula all the characters have their jobs that theyre formed into simply like everybody does throughout everyday life. Situated in the time that it happens in and the way that by far most of the characters are African-American their jobs are basically constrained for them to live by a predominately White-male society. The prologue to the novel beginnings off towards the finish of slave times (the late 1800s). A decent white rancher guaranteed opportunity and a bit of base land to his slave in the event that he would play out some troublesome errands (pg. 5). The slave plays out the errands and the White rancher fools the slave into needing the bumpy land, which he gets. The bumpy land is the most noticeably terrible land conceivable to have. Where Planting was backbreaking, where the dirt slid down and washed away the seeds, and where the breeze waited all through the winter (pg. 5). Getting the most noticeably awful land conceivable fit the sla ves job consummately. Since he was a slave he generally got the most exceedingly terrible finish of everything and by getting the alleged base land he got the most exceedingly awful part of the arrangement. We will compose a custom article on Sula explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now All through the following scarcely any years the town of Medallion was shaped. It was a poor town yet the individuals who lived there made its best. Their jobs in life in Medallion all appear to fit the poor town or poor neighborhood way of life impeccably as though marry expect it as well. The town of Medallion is a predominately dark town, situated in Ohio during the mid 1900s. Blacks werent expected to do a lot. Nobody truly thought about them in a White-ran culture. White individuals looked down on them and in societys eye they were at the base of the social stepping stool. Practically the entirety of the characters jobs are jobs that individuals would expect in their social orders position. Shadracks job in Medallion is that the network thinks hes sort of insane. They simply leave him to do whatever him might want to do. He is a World War One veteran and saw something shocking occur during one of the fights. As a result of what he saw he understands how much passing is irregular and eccentric, in this way he organizations an occasion each January third. This occasion is called National Suicide Day. This was their solitary opportunity to murder themselves or each other.(Pg. 14). The principal year the townspeople were somewhat terrified and thought Shadrack was insane for doing it. Be that as it may, in the next years after the town acknowledged it and obliged it. This is the manner in which the town saw Shadrack. This is the job he expected. Evas job is being the leader of the Peace family unit, which comprises of numerous individuals. It comprises of her kids, Hannah, the oldest, and Eva, whom she named after herself however called Pearl, and a child named Ralph, whom she called Plum.(Pg. 32). The Peace family unit additionally comprises of Evas granddaughter, Sula, the Deweys, Tar Baby, and youthful wedded couples. Evas job is plainly set in this story. She is the leader of the harmony family unit and a mother with a spouse who left her. Because of these conditions she does what she can to accommodate her youngsters. She leaves for some time and returns with just a single leg and around ten thousand dollars to accommodate her kids. Losing her leg was unmistakably some sort of altruism. She accept this job as leader of the Peace family unit until Sula has her placed in a home since she sets her child Plum ablaze. Plums job in this world is stopped by his mom when she sets him ablaze and sends him to his demise. After he returns from the military he turns into a heroin someone who is addicted and begins taking cash from his mom so he can flexibly his habit. She sets him ablaze, slaughters him, and his job in life is finished. .ucf8931f1408c7d9f3b25cacee6375bc1 , .ucf8931f1408c7d9f3b25cacee6375bc1 .postImageUrl , .ucf8931f1408c7d9f3b25cacee6375bc1 .focused content territory { min-stature: 80px; position: relative; } .ucf8931f1408c7d9f3b25cacee6375bc1 , .ucf8931f1408c7d9f3b25cacee6375bc1:hover , .ucf8931f1408c7d9f3b25cacee6375bc1:visited , .ucf8931f1408c7d9f3b25cacee6375bc1:active { border:0!important; } .ucf8931f1408c7d9f3b25cacee6375bc1 .clearfix:after { content: ; show: table; clear: both; } .ucf8931f1408c7d9f3b25cacee6375bc1 { show: square; change: foundation shading 250ms; webkit-progress: foundation shading 250ms; width: 100%; murkiness: 1; progress: haziness 250ms; webkit-progress: obscurity 250ms; foundation shading: #95A5A6; } .ucf8931f1408c7d9f3b25cacee6375bc1:active , .ucf8931f1408c7d9f3b25cacee6375bc1:hover { mistiness: 1; change: darkness 250ms; webkit-change: mistiness 250ms; foundation shading: #2C3E50; } .ucf8931f1408c7d9f3b25cacee6375bc1 .focused content zone { width: 100%; position: relati ve; } .ucf8931f1408c7d9f3b25cacee6375bc1 .ctaText { fringe base: 0 strong #fff; shading: #2980B9; text dimension: 16px; textual style weight: intense; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; text-design: underline; } .ucf8931f1408c7d9f3b25cacee6375bc1 .postTitle { shading: #FFFFFF; text dimension: 16px; textual style weight: 600; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; width: 100%; } .ucf8931f1408c7d9f3b25cacee6375bc1 .ctaButton { foundation shading: #7F8C8D!important; shading: #2980B9; outskirt: none; fringe range: 3px; box-shadow: none; text dimension: 14px; textual style weight: striking; line-tallness: 26px; moz-fringe span: 3px; text-adjust: focus; text-beautification: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-stature: 80px; foundation: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/modules/intelly-related-posts/resources/pictures/straightforward arrow.png)no-rehash; position: supreme; right: 0; top: 0; } .ucf8931f1408c7d9f3b25cacee6375bc1:hover .ctaButton { foundation shading: #34495E!important; } .ucf8931f1408c7d9 f3b25cacee6375bc1 .focused content { show: table; stature: 80px; cushioning left: 18px; top: 0; } .ucf8931f1408c7d9f3b25cacee6375bc1-content { show: table-cell; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; cushioning right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-adjust: center; width: 100%; } .ucf8931f1408c7d9f3b25cacee6375bc1:after { content: ; show: square; clear: both; } READ: Huckleberry Finn (994 words) EssaySula is the individual who this novel is named after. She is an exceptionally free-lively youthful African-American lady. She takes a gander at the base and top of the social stepping stool as the equivalent. Sula says, You state Im a lady and hued. Aint that equivalent to taking care of business? (Pg. 142). She likewise says, I dont know it all, I simply do everything. (Pg. 143). She is the main individual in the story who dismisses the existence given to them in the base. Her life takes an alternate course and she attends a university and lives in the city for some time. Following ten years she returns to Medallion and experiences the job of being an agitator and seductress. She additionally turns into the town substitute. Anything terrible that happens gets accused on her, for example, Teapots tumbling down the steps and breaking his leg. Likewise she gets accused for making women spouses undermine them and lay down with her. Yet, from all that she receives accused on her something great comes in return. Tea kettles mother turns into the best mother on the planet and the spouses of the husbands who undermined them, their relationships show signs of improvement. Nels job in life is that she is Sulas closest companion. From when they are youthful, as far as possible up to when they are grown-ups, and much after Sula dies. Nel acknowledged the lifestyle in the base. She weds Jude, raises a family, someone else in the Medallion people group. These are the people groups jobs that they are shaped into due to the time this story happens and the setting it is in. Everybody in lif e in the end expect a job and makes examples and lives that way. The epic Sula follows those jobs and examples for a gathering of individuals in the mid twentieth century. It is a personal magnum opus of anecdotal characters that should all expect their jobs and experience their lives. English Essays Sula Essay Example For Students Sula Essay People groups Rolls In Sula In the novel Sula all the characters have their jobs that theyre formed into simply like everybody does throughout everyday life. Situated in the time that it happens in and the way that by far most of the characters are African-American their jobs are practically constrained for them to live by a predominately White-male society. The prologue to the novel beginnings off towards the finish of slave times (the late 1800s). A decent white rancher guaranteed opportunity and a bit of base land to his slave on the off chance that he would play out some troublesome tasks (pg. 5). The slave plays out the errands and the White rancher fools the slave into needing the bumpy land, which he gets. The sloping area is the most noticeably terrible land conceivable to have. Where Planting was backbreaking, where the dirt slid down and washed away the seeds, and where the breeze waited all through the winter (pg. 5). Getting the most exceedingly awful land conceivable fit the slaves job impeccably. Since he was a slave he generally got the most noticeably awful finish of everything and by getting the purported ?base land? he got the most noticeably terrible part of the bargain. We will compose a custom paper on Sula explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now All through the following barely any years the town of Medallion was shaped. It was a poor town yet the individuals who lived there made its best. Their jobs in life in Medallion all appear to fit the poor town or poor neighborhood way of life impeccably as though marry expect it as well. The town of Medallion is a predominately dark town, situated in Ohio during the mid 1900s. Blacks werent expected to do a lot. Nobody truly thought about them in a White-ran culture. White individuals looked down on them and in societys eye they were at the extremely base of the social stepping stool. Practically the entirety of the characters jobs are jobs that individuals would accept in their social orders position. Shadracks job in Medallion is that the network thinks hes sort of insane. They simply leave him to do whatever him might want to do. He is a World War One veteran and saw something ghastly occur during one of the fights. On account of what he saw he understands how much passing is irregular and unpred

Aura in Walter Benjamin’s Illuminations Essay

In Walter Benjamin’s book Illuminations, two specific sections are pertinent to the corpus of stirs that make up film study. â€Å"Art in the Age of Mechanical Reproductions† and â€Å"The Storyteller† layout a dynamic history from oral customs to the cutting edge conventions, for example, film that came about and the knocks that have been experienced en route. Key to these two parts is the possibility of quality. Atmosphere, however hard to characterize, is an idea that is anything but difficult to see on account of its drawing in characteristics. From oral to kept in touch with visual portrayals including film, the story is the core that produces amusement and in a perfect world instructs the crowd. To be engaged doesn't require a great part of the crowd, yet instruction is a drawing in process that jelly culture and keeps up the emanation. In light of the nonattendance of adages, ethics, or other trite composite articulations, the powerful narrator is family to the master. The guidance the narrator offers is found over the span of the story and the audience or peruser can draw the importance out from the discourse or pages voluntarily. As a patient angler learns toward the finish of a difficult day, not all experiences are productive. The ageless nature of crafted by Nicolai Leskov can urge the peruser to forget about the pieces of the story that, when later collected, can be taken as counsel. Along these lines, a mindful peruser may discover exhortation or advice for some circumstances and the story can keep on unfurling through the recommendations that great guidance offers. The â€Å"White Eagle† supports citation of various sections all together for a synopsis to be made and offered as a penance to the luke-warm peruser. Notwithstanding, the storyteller’s conventional spot isn't one of synopses, clarified catalogs, or bluff notes. Time was intended to be indispensable in the production of a story which is just protected in the social texture of history. The uniqueness of any occasion, item, or thought relies on its worldly characteristics. Existence direct totally everything as indicated by Quantum Physicists who are viewed as on the cutting edge of the mix of all information. These progressive between taskmasters have demonstrated that gravity relies upon existence, that speed relies upon reality, and that even choices rely upon time and space[1]. The choice to recount to a story relies upon the time, customarily evening when there is less work to be done, and the space, made up of get-together individuals urging the story to be told. Without these two conditions, abundant time to recount to the story and one’s ability to tune in, a story can't happen. Since narrating is an exchange between the one recounting to the story and the person who is bound to re-recount to the story, the oral convention is needy upon audience members for its endurance. In any case, since the transference of the occasions of the story are not verbatim, the re-telling is in certainty a unique telling on the grounds that the subtleties have been shaped to fit the conditions of the re-telling. In the event that the crowd is included for the most part youngsters, maybe more consideration will be made to the supernatural pieces of the story. In the event that the crowd is adolescent young men, more accentuation and elaboration might be made on the realistic pictures in the story. In the most ideal situation â€Å"the immaculate story is determined through the layers of an assortment of retellings† (Benjamin p. 93). At the point when a narrator decides to hand-off some exhortation that has been interwoven in the texture of a story which is reliant on the social texture of the gathering without a crowd of people present for the telling, the unwinding of oral conventions starts. Recorded history has absolutely given advantages to society that are too various to even think about evening endeavor to sum up. The sad reality is that none of the progressions coming about because of changing creation strategies have profited the lovely intergenerational woven artwork of narrating. A typical misguided judgment is that a novel is in progression with oral convention when it is, truth be told, a serious intermittence. The tale has various properties and various purposes. For one, the novel is formed in solidarity, a long way from the social texture where significance was determined and exclusively existed. The peruser is constrained into solidarity too and his understandings may no longer have any bearing on everyone around him. Saying this doesn't imply that that individual implications are immaterial, just that composing connotes the start of another timetable in custom whose stupendous object is â€Å"to convey the incommensurable to limits in the portrayal of human life† (Benjamin p. 87). As close to home significance and understanding is hard to confirm, society brings together on data which relies upon its obviousness for endurance. Composing is the transport of data and in present day times data is of vital significance. The result of wars or the collection of riches regularly results from the auspicious gathering of appropriate data. Detailed occasions are dependent upon quick undeniable nature which makes most contemporary writers proceed with caution while remembering powerful or supernatural occasions for their books. As the transference of speedy and proficient data is expanding, â€Å"the coherence of experience is decreasing† (Benjamin p. 86). Narrating in a social setting was reproducing the charming social setting the narrator once encountered that was moving enough for the person in question that the individual in question chose to give a similar encounter to people in the future. Significantly further back in the convention are simply the real occasions. A character in the story was before an individual who, through happy conditions, took an interest in the occasions that delivered the story. In spite of the fact that misrepresentations have been included for amusement worth and changes have been made, the endeavor was consistently to convey a wonderful encounter. In Leskov’s â€Å"The Left Handed Craftsman,† the namesake isn't by a long shot the hero, however his association with the steel insect from Brittan restored the story which was, among numerous different things, a tribute to old skilled workers. The relationship of the narrator to his material is that of a specialist to his medium. Benjamin asks â€Å"whether it isn't his [the narrator or craftsman] very undertaking to form the crude material of experience, his own and that of others, in a strong, valuable, and one of a kind way† (p. 108). On the off chance that the essayist is as intensely mindful of their crowd as an oral narrator would be, it is conceivable to make an utilitarian item. The single creation technique for composing that expels the author from their prompt setting makes this exceptionally hard to accomplish. What is lost is the enchanted quality that charged and saved oral narrating for such a large number of ages. Composing by hand unavoidably prompted the print machine and different types of workmanship, for example, visual craftsmanship, which before long turned out to be effectively reproducible. The corruption proceeds as the method of creation advances. With the appearance of the lithograph, whose causes lie in carving and etching, show-stoppers were starting to lose their emanation. Similarly as a composed novel isn't equivalent to the oral story from which it might have been inferred, duplicating visual workmanship leaves the third printing, particularly when managing wood just like the case with drawing and etching, less clear than the primary printing. In musicality with the walk of progression, innovation made pictorial propagations increasingly compelling and proficient in their portrayals of reality. The walk proceeded past the hopelessly life-like photo to film, quiet from the outset, at that point at a speed that could stay aware of discourse. In contemporary occasions, film propagations of genuine occasions are responsible to such an extent that they can be utilized as proof in legal disputes. As great (for the offended party) as that might be, the emanation that was so present and essential to the validness of narrating is disappearing out of spotlight similarly as wood etching has been subsumed by photography. The implications of enthusiasm here are those of social direction, explicitly social recognitions. In film, the watcher isn't permitted the uniqueness of visual observation that can be discovered when seeing a bit of craftsmanship in a display. The viewpoint is gotten from varieties in the stature of the watcher, separation of the watcher from the craftsmanship, others potentially encompassing the watcher and the foundation that adjustments on account of voyaging workmanship pieces. Film, â€Å"being dependent on changes of spot and center which intermittently pounce upon the spectator,† gives the watcher just two choices: eyes open or eyes shut. To see is to yield to the filmmaker’s perspective. The social setting that has been made is that different watchers have given in also. Concerning the honesty of the emanation, the creation strategy for film, which is far expelled from the stage-like introduction of narrating, is significantly progressively manufactured due to the divided creation technique for include films. Moreover, the quality is lost to the crowd of whom simply keeping their eyes open is inquired. In cheerful endeavors one asks, can the air be revived in film if a narrator is joined with the intensity of film? Indigenous clans in present day times are the least expelled from their oral customs and consequently the most cheerful for a positive reaction to the above inquiry. As far as creation, the â€Å"Video in the Villages Project†, headed by most prominently Vincent Carelli, is a prime model. The undertaking basically showed indigenous individuals from different clans all through Brazil how to work video gear just as to alter the last task. The indigenous individuals were the research organization and the official board for the picking of the subject of the different movies. The air was likewise lost in the last task which can nor be characterized as a narrative or an element film. The individuals in â€?

Why Panic Disorder and Anxiety Cause Sleep Issues

Why Panic Disorder and Anxiety Cause Sleep Issues Panic Disorder Related Conditions Print Why Panic Disorder and Anxiety Cause Sleep Issues By Katharina Star, PhD facebook linkedin Katharina Star, PhD, is an expert on anxiety and panic disorder. Dr. Star is a professional counselor, and she is trained in creative art therapies and mindfulness. Learn about our editorial policy Katharina Star, PhD Medically reviewed by a board-certified physician Updated on October 17, 2019 Adam Hester / Blend Images / Getty Images More in Panic Disorder Related Conditions Symptoms Diagnosis Treatment Coping People with panic disorder, panic attacks, and other anxiety disorders are often susceptible to sleep issues.?? Worrisome thoughts or fears may keep you from falling asleep at night. While troublesome symptoms of panic and anxiety can wake you from your sleep. Are persistent fears, anxiety symptoms, and panic attacks preventing you from getting the rest you need? The following describes some common sleep issues for people with panic disorder, along with ways to cope and treat them. Is Worry and Anxiety Keeping You Up? Many people with anxiety disorders have a difficult time managing negative thoughts and worries. People with panic disorder are often all too accustomed to the uncomfortable feeling of frequent worrying. You may find yourself worrying about many aspects of your life. Perhaps you worry about events that have passed, your current situation, or what is ahead in your future. You may worry about your career, relationships, and other responsibilities in your life. Regardless of the source of your worry, these feelings of uneasiness can also be a source of stress that prevents you from getting a good night’s rest. Worrying at night can make it difficult to “shut off” your mind and get the rest you need. Troublesome thoughts can even lead to sleep disturbances, such as ?insomnia, making it difficult to fall or stay asleep over prolonged periods of time. Nocturnal Panic Attacks Panic attacks are the main symptom of panic disorder but can also be associated with other mental health conditions, including agoraphobia, depression, obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and specific phobias. These attacks may also be linked to a medical condition, such as irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) or gastroesophageal ?reflux disease (GERD).?? Panic attacks are often experienced through a combination of physical, mental, and emotional symptoms. Typical somatic sensations that occur during a panic attack include: Heart palpitationsTremblingShakingFeelings of numbness and tinglingChest painDizzinessShortness of breathExcessive sweating and nausea You may become frightened and have symptoms of depersonalization and derealization, experiencing a sense of disconnection from yourself and reality. When panic strikes, a person may also fear losing control, going insane, or even possibly dying from these symptoms.?? Nocturnal panic attacks share the same symptoms as panic attacks that occur during the day, but they occur when a person is asleep. Waking from a panic attack can heighten fear and anxiety, potentially leading to sleep issues. When awakened from a panic attack, a person may find it difficult to fall back to sleep. If this occurs regularly, the person may become prone to sleep deprivation.?? How Nocturnal Panic Attacks Interfere With Sleep Related Sleep Disorders Nocturnal panic attacks have been linked to other sleep disturbances, including: Sleep Apnea Sleep apnea, one of the most common sleep disorders, causes a person to have a sudden break in breathing or extremely shallow breath while asleep. Some of the symptoms of sleep apnea, such as shortness of breath and feelings of suffocating, overlap with that of nocturnal panic attacks.?? Sleep Paralysis Sleep paralysis occurs when a person becomes consciously awake but cannot move, speak, or gain control over the body. When sleep paralysis occurs, a person may become afraid of being moved or fearful of never waking up. Sleep paralysis often sets in as a person is either falling asleep or waking up and is caused by a disruption to the sleep cycle. This condition includes sensations of choking and fears of losing control.?? Some studies have found a significant co-occurrence between sleep paralysis and anxiety disorders, including panic disorder. Nightmares Scary or upsetting dreams may occur with the onset of nocturnal panic attacks. A person may awaken from a nightmare and begin experiencing the uncomfortable symptoms of a panic attack, such as excessive sweating, accelerated heart rate, or overwhelming fear and anxiety.?? Night terrors Night terrors are more common among children but can be present in adults, too. Much like nocturnal panic attacks, night terrors involve intense feelings of fear and apprehension, trembling, sweating, shaking, and feelings of fear and dread. Night terrors are different from panic attacks in that they occur during a severe nightmare and often involve screaming, thrashing movements, and crying. A person experiencing night terrors is often unaware of their symptoms, which subside once they awaken.?? Treatment Sleep disturbances and anxiety can form a vicious cycle. People with panic disorder and those who experience anxiety often have trouble sleeping and the resulting sleep deprivation can result in more anxiety and exacerbated symptoms.?? If you believe you have developed a sleep disturbance and/or are experiencing the symptoms of panic disorder, anxiety, and panic attacks, consult with a mental health professional. Medications for panic disorder, such as antidepressants and anti-anxiety medications, may help ease the severity of your nocturnal and daytime panic attacks.?? Attending in-person and online anxiety support groups and psychotherapy can also help you learn ways to stop worrying, acquire good sleep hygiene, and learn effective strategies for getting through panic attacks.?? The Best Online Therapy Programs

Civil Slavery, By Francis Wayland Essay - 1180 Words

In â€Å"Domestic Slavery,† Francis Wayland makes the case for the theological prohibition, and so general abolition, of racial slavery. His particular thesis is most apparent in his conclusion, where he claims that â€Å"the Christian religion not only forbids slavery, but that it also provides the only method in which, after it has been established, it may be abolished, and that with the entire safety and benefit to both parties† (197). Wayland’s argument therefore has two burdens: first, to show how Christianity establishes a prohibition against slavery; and second, to show how Christianity provides the peaceful means of abolishing the already existing and entrenched system of racial slavery. The innovation of Wayland’s argument is how the first claim is linked to the second. Interpreting in terms of its principles, slavery gives the master right to direct the enslaved person’s actions toward the end of the master’s happiness. Wayland reco gnizes this as a violation of God’s created order. All aspects of the labor of the enslaved are subject to the benefit of the master. Moreover, in this arrangement, the master is responsible for the intellectual development, and—what is primarily Wayland’s concern—the moral development of the enslaved person. By possessing agency over the enslaved’s moral development, which is properly the role of God, the master renders â€Å"the eternal happiness of the one part subservient to the temporal happiness of the other† (188). If such principles weren’tShow MoreRelatedSummary Of Hobomok : A Tale Of Early Times1136 Words   |  5 PagesLydia Maria Child was born to David Francis and Susannah Rand Francis on February 11, 1802, in Medford, Massachusetts. Child was the youngest of seven children and because her upbringing was lacking due to her gender. Her father was as successful baker in town and because of this was respected by many. His respect allowed Lydia to grow up with little to no disrespect. Her access to public education was slim so her own drive and interest was how she gained her education. Her brother Convers, a UnitarianRead MoreOne Nation Under God: The Lasting Effects of the Second Great Awakening1803 Words   |  8 PagesGod would bring His plans for humanity to fulfillment,† ministers felt compelled to encourage a transformation in society. According to Francis Wayland, such a social transformation could only come from Christianity, since â€Å"man has never correctly understood nor successfully asserted his rights, until he has learned them from the Bible....† Accordingly, Francis concluded that because the American people, a Christian model to the world, possessed the rightful knowledge of these truths, it thus becameRead MoreThe Adventures of Huckleberry Finn: a Portrait of Slavery in America2175 Words   |  9 PagesOF HUCKLEBERRY FINN: A PORTRAIT OF SLAVERY IN AMERICA by John Femia At the surface, Mark Twain s famed novel, The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, is a thrilling narrative told by a 13-year-old boy who embarks on a perilous journey down the formidable Mississippi River aboard a tiny wooden raft. The story s sensationalism sometimes makes Huck s journey seem unbelievable. Underneath, however, lies an authentic portrait of the institution of slavery in America during the 1850s. AlthoughRead More The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn: A Portrait of Slavery in America2155 Words   |  9 PagesADVENTURES OF HUCKLEBERRY FINN: A PORTRAIT OF SLAVERY IN AMERICA by John Femia At the surface, Mark Twain’s famed novel, The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, is a thrilling narrative told by a 13-year-old boy who embarks on a perilous journey down the formidable Mississippi River aboard a tiny wooden raft. The story’s sensationalism sometimes makes Huck’s journey seem unbelievable. Underneath, however, lies an authentic portrait of the institution of slavery in America during the 1850s. Although born

The Development of Nurse Practitioners - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 3 Words: 1039 Downloads: 8 Date added: 2019/02/06 Category Nursing Essay Level High school Tags: Nurse Practitioner Essay Did you like this example? The development of nurse practitioners commenced in the late 1950s, physicians mentored nurses who had clinical experience. More physicians began to specialize in medicine leading many areas into a shortage in primary care. Starting in 1965, Medicaid and Medicare programs provided coverage for low income families, elderly, and people with disabilities, increasing the demand of primary care services. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "The Development of Nurse Practitioners" essay for you Create order Due to so many physicians not specializing in primary care anymore they were unable to meet the demand. Nurses believed they were qualified to step up and expand their role to meet the need. Two individuals by the name of Loretta Ford and Henry Silver created the first training program for nurse practitioners. The program’s studies focused on health promotion, disease prevention, and the health of children and families (How Nurse Practitioners Obtained Provider Status: Lessons for Pharmacists). Societys demand for primary care services and nurses’ potential were the reason for the development of nurse practitioners. More than half a century later their roles have branched out from primary to also acute and specialty care for patients of all ages. They are important to having a healthy community and their positions will continually need to be fulfilled. By 2026, the Bureau of Labor Statistics projects that the nurse practitioner profession will have grown by 36% compar ed to 37% for physician assistants and 13% for physicians (â€Å"Number of Nurse Practitioners Hits New Record High†). However, there are many advantages and disadvantages of being a nurse practitioner. Nurse practitioners are constantly needed because of their abilities to do a gamut of tasks and primary care services. Alternatively, a career as a nurse practitioner has several disadvantages. Other than the extensive training, finding a job after graduating can be very difficult because many employers look for experienced providers. The more diverse background, the more likely they are going to be hired. Not to mention they work long hours and there may be on-call expectations, Dr. Stephen Ferrara says, â€Å"I am not the biggest fan of being tied to a pager/cellphone.† (â€Å"The Pros and Cons of Being a Nurse Practitioner†). They work at least 40 hours including weekends and night shifts if they work at hospitals. Long hours may affect the nurse’s family and social life. Nurse practitioners have more control over their hours when they independently practice or work in non-emergency clinics. Also, nurses in clinics or hospitals have higher risks as they are ex posed to blood, contagious diseases, or side effects of any chemicals and medicine they are around. If they are not cautious, they can develop the disease they come in contact with. Another challenge they could face are legal risks because in most states nurse practitioners can diagnose, treat patients, and prescribe medicine. This leaves them open to lawsuits from patients that believe they are a victim of malpractice. This occurs if patients are unhappy with their treatment, do not recover, or medications are given in the wrong doses. In addition, if the patient dies the patient’s family may also file a lawsuit against the nurse practitioner. Malpractice insurance can be purchased but would take a large amount of a nurse practitioner’s income since they do not make as much as a doctor. Sometimes malpractice coverage is included as an employment benefit. Not only do nurse practitioners have to worry about lawsuits but some deal with stress daily. It is like their pati ents’ lives are in their hands, if they come with a problem/injury it is a nurse practitioner’s job to provide a treatment plan. Although, in some cases, a patient cannot be treated or saved which causes the nurse to deal with angry or grieving relatives. On top of this emotional stress that is created they can often have conflicts with the doctors about the diagnosis and/or treatment plan. As shown above being a nurse practitioner does have its cons, but they are things that can be overcome. On the other hand, there are great advantages of being a nurse practitioner including increased independent practice, prescriptive authority, competitive compensation, and endless opportunities. They can gain relationships and trust with their patients. Both their patients and their patients’ families are supported by the nurse. Nurse practitioners monitor the health and lifestyle of their patients at a preventative approach instead of treating a medical problem after it happens. They hold a higher position than a registered nurse but equal to a physician even though they only obtain a master’s degree. Also, they do not have to go through medical school and internships required for doctors. All this allows them to cut the time it takes to start their career. Nurse practitioners have the power to specialize in a specific medical field, such as cardiology or oncology, also focus on a specific area of practice. They have so many potential paths they can choose from and can change their path at any time. A nurse practitioner is not limited to their usual clinical setting. They could take on educating other nurses, conduct medical research, hold a medical-related corporate position, and more. Furthermore, nursing can be very interesting, it is rare that they see the same exact situation more than once. There are new challenges and opportunities to learn everyday they walk into their work place. Another pro is that nursing is a highly secure career pathway due to the shortage of doctors. Most nurse practitioners can practice independently and start their own private practices. In 21 states and District of Columbia nurse practitioners are allowed to practice without a physician. Independent practice is growing rapidly as more and more legislatures are removing the barrier that prevents nurse practitioners from providing healthcare services. Nurse practitioners or nurse practitioner students have a lot of support. For example, they can join the AANP (American Association of Nurse Practitioners) they are known as â€Å"The Voice of the Nurse Practitioner.† This is a group that provides yearly conferences, an online job center, and a place for nurse practitioners to list their businesses. Membership also includes discounted liability insurance and long-term care plans. Dues for the AANP costs $55 a year for a student and $125 a year for an employed nurse practitioner (â€Å"ANCC vs. AANP Certification). Although the path to certification is challenging, it comes with rewarding benefits.

Is Globalization Americanization Free Essays

It took me a while to try to work â€Å"glocal† out. This is my way of saying I had a tough time trying to wrap my mind around what exactly is glocal. To me it is open to interpretation; people will have their own theories on what it means. We will write a custom essay sample on Is Globalization Americanization? or any similar topic only for you Order Now To me it is something that is global but has a slight variation to fit in locally or think local but act global. I see it as thinking global but adapting business to fit local needs and demands while having a global approach to the business, basically, honoring business traditions and customs and adapting product and services for regional intake according to local culture. Cultural items become glocal when they can be seen and found around the world but are changed to fit in locally. These items can be globalized at any time, whenever a company wishes to go global then it can modify changes according to local standards. Walmart is well known just like McDonalds, they have 6,155 stores internationally. These stores have merchandise and practices to fit into the local cultures. This is also the case for stores in the U. S. For instance, the Walmart in our little town has merchandise specifically for our area and the Walmart 15 miles away in another town sell merchandise specifically for that town. I have been trying to say away from McDonalds; even in last week’s paper, to me it was like beating a dead horse. I tried to use examples not many classmates would have used. To me it would be nice for the reader to have something different to read instead of having a dozen or so papers all using the same examples. This worked for me because it made my research interesting and I was able to learn new things. This week I will play it safe and use only examples used in the textbook, which by the way, was informative. This brings me back to McDonalds, which is a very good example. McDonalds is a U. S based company who has expanded to 119 countries. As a glocal company they ensure their foods looks and taste the same everywhere, uniformity is essential for large corporations who want to please their customers regardless of where their travels take them. They fit in locally with local customs, such as McDonalds in New Delhi serve vegetable McNuggets or fried egg with the burgers in Montevideo. Often time’s glocal companies who offer products that fit into the local culture purchase these products locally, which helps add to their success. When it comes to a glocal movie the textbook gave a good example, Spiderman. Marvel Comics took Spiderman to a new level when they took the movie franchise to India. They made changes to the movie that fit with local customs, giving India their first superhero. The characters clothing was slightly different and the story line was changed to draw in India’s market. The Glocal franchise succeeded, even though the story had drastic changes, to the point it would be unrecognizable to U. S. viewers, it worked for India viewers. Growing up I remember MTV first coming on the air. This was when cable first came out in the early 80’s. What I find interesting is MTV was based in New York City at the time, I believe they still are, but while reading this week’s assignment it said the first video played on MTV was a British band, I thought there was a little irony there. However, MTV meets the demand wherever they are globally. Their programming is contingent on local demands. In Brazil MTV play music videos and other programming determined by the local producers. MTV in Asia endorses Thai pop stars and play music videos sung in Mandarin. What makes the three examples I used glocal is all three have ability to be international models with the flexibility to allow for local changes, so they have a global company or product that becomes local and function as both. Other companies such as Fila, an Italian shoe maker makes the same shoe that is sold around the world. Modifications are not needed to sell the shoes internationally; this makes them an international model that does not need to be flexible. It will remain an international item or one that always reflects its culture. How to cite Is Globalization Americanization?, Papers Is Globalization Americanization Free Essays Is Globalization Americanization? In my opinion, I don’t believe an item’s history and origin make it inevitably American. This is partly because some items don’t gain the popularity here, but rather outside the country. In addition, some franchises are seen in so many countries that while it’s likely known that it originated in America, that’s the only â€Å"American† thing about it. We will write a custom essay sample on Is Globalization Americanization? or any similar topic only for you Order Now Lastly, some For the fast food examples such as McDonald’s or Starbucks, they are probably best known in terms of their origin and the most popular in terms of being â€Å"American†. Both chains have been around for decades – McDonalds, since 1955 (mcdonalds. com, 2012) and Starbucks, since 1971 (starbucks. com, 2012). Both chains have continued to grow and expand to immense proportions. McDonalds currently has locations in 119 countries (en. wikipedia. org, 2012), while Starbucks follows at a respectable 50 countries (starbucks. com, 2012). They are both good examples of â€Å"American† chains however I don’t think that simply originating in America created that label. I think that if that were the case, there wouldn’t have been as much success in other countries. I think that these chains have been able to expand so much simply because they’re so popular. In theory, much of their popularity might come down to the attraction from tourists, whether famous and popular or unknown. One public message about a great restaurant is good press alone and can cause frenzy. For the television show example, I think Oprah says it all. The Oprah Winfrey Show became its own in 1986 (en. wikipedia. org, 2012). Since then, she has become has become a household name both in American and internationally. At its height, the Oprah Winfrey show aired in 149 countries (en. wikipedia. org, 2012). I think that with the viewership in other countries, it just goes to show that while the Oprah phenomenon started in America, it has certainly branched out; therefore, America is only where she’s from, not who she is. The musical example falls on the Beatles. I think they are maybe an especially important example of the American versus not question. The reason being is that although they originated in England, due to their talent of singing, if you didn’t already know where they were from, there was no immediate awareness as to their origin – at least for later generations such as myself who still love their songs years after the initial release. The point is that with the Beatles as n example, if the theory about popularity or globalization meaning American is true, then one could think they originated here because they became so popular. Obviously it has been well known for years that they originated in England; but if that knowledge was not immediately known, then they could have been from anywhere. In all fairness, the argument is probably strong both ways. I can absolutely see the point of view that Globalization can be perceived as originating from America. However, I feel even more strongly, that when you take a closer look, it really doesn’t matter when an item actually originated; it all comes down to popularity. References: Our Heritage. (2012, January 9). Starbucks. com. Retrieved from: http://www. starbucks. com/about-us/our-heritage Our History. (2012, January 9). McDonald’s. com. Retrieved from: http://www. mcdonalds. com/us/en/our_story/our_history. html McDonald’s. (2012, January 9). McDonald’s Global Operations. Retrieved from: http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/McDonalds#Global_operations How to cite Is Globalization Americanization?, Papers

Rhapsody on a Windy Night Essay Example

Rhapsody on a Windy Night Essay Rhapsody on a Windy Night This modernist text reflects the conflicted emotions and perspectives regarding the war and its aftermath. The odd an almost non-sensual literature presented by T. S. Elliot is enhances by the detailed imagery he embodies. Corresponding with the modernist literature movement, Elliot manifests Surrealist notions of an unconscious, abstract and dream-like atmosphere within his poetry, utilising the subconscious mind as a medium. As Rhapsody on a Windy Night depict mainly the themes of isolation, hopelessness and lack or loss of affection without society, as does Rene Magritte’s Les profondeurs du plaisir, which translates directly into The Depths of Pleasure. The themes of isolation, hopelessness and insanity are heightened greatly through the use of imagery and allusions. As the opening of the poem originates at midnight ‘the gloomiest’ time of the night with the only source of light irradiating from the moon, the only things can be seen through the moonlight indicating the importance of the moon. In a traditional sense, the moon was seen to represent the womanly grace associated with physic, intuitive and mysteriousness yet also in a way presenting a dark nature welded in a realm between the conscious and the unconscious. The fragile wordings embody the compassionate feats of the feminine and motherly side of the moon as she tenderly ‘smooths the hair of the grass. ’ However there is a radical change in tone as ‘A washed-out smallpox cracks her face. As this line is ambiguous as to whether the persona was referring to the moon or a woman’s facial features or perhaps both. However in the artwork, a depiction of a crescent moon illuminates to a different notion of the beginning of a renewal cyclic change. The loss of affection throughout the poem is seen as a one of the most significant resulting in various forms of alienation. A prime example of such a theme can be seen through the image of the prostitute within the poetry. We will write a custom essay sample on Rhapsody on a Windy Night specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Rhapsody on a Windy Night specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Rhapsody on a Windy Night specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Although she may appear generally as a sexual predator attempting to lure degenerate men for their wealth, a surrealist interpretation may delve deeper into the latent and suppressed nature of the subconscious. The notion of the loss of affection is accentuated as the persona observes the woman with the ‘crooked pin’ eye. When observing a prostitute in a Surrealist circumstance it may initiate our sense of guilt and uncertainty or a sense of inadequacy of ‘prostituting’ our talents to the world. In this particular artwork, the woman characterized from Magritte’s Les profondeurs du plaisir, is seen exposing her bare self to the world in such a manner. As of this picture, the isolation of communication is fairly prominent as the woman stares out her window towards the waning moon residing in the horizon amongst the broad spectrum of water. Through her nudity, an almost certain assumption of her prostitution is almost inevitable. Her body physique in the artwork can be interpreted as stiff, perhaps in response from her supposed occupation accenting the theme of the deprivation of affection. Being deprived of such endearment causes alienation both personally and within a society. Elliots’ attempt to show such events can be witnessed as he describes the border of dress as torn and stained with sand. Overall. Elliot limits each viewer’s knowledge of the persona and his surrounding intending to materialise different emotional response from each in the layers of each subconscious mind.

Effects of Cultural Lag

Effects of Cultural Lag Cultural lag - also called culture lag - describes what happens in a social system when the ideals that regulate life do not keep pace with other changes which are often  - but not always  - technological. Advances in technology and in other areas effectively render old ideals and social norms obsolete, leading to ethical conflicts and crises.   The Cultural Lag Concept   The cultural lag concept was first theorized and the term was coined by William F. Ogburn, an American sociologist, in his book Social Change  With Respect to Culture and Original Nature, published in 1922. Ogden felt that materiality - and by extension, the technology that promotes  it  - advances at a rapid pace, whereas societal norms tend to resist change and advance much more slowly. Innovation surpasses adaptation and this creates conflict.   Some Examples of Cultural Lag   Medical technology has advanced at such a pace as to put it in conflict with several moral and ethical beliefs. Here are a few examples:   Life Support:  Medical technology is now being used to keep people’s bodies functioning long after they would otherwise have been declared dead. This raises cultural and ethical questions about when life ends and who has the right to end artificial life support or to prolong existence. The development of new cultural beliefs, values, and norms lags behind the dilemmas posed by the technological change.  Stem cell research and therapies:  Stem cells have been proven to defeat a host of diseases, yet they must come from unborn fetuses. Some types of abortion remain illegal on several state and federal levels, creating a conflict between medical advancement, the law, and ethical and religious beliefs.  Cancer vaccines:  A vaccine against cervical cancer became available in the 21st century, but some oppose it because it is given to preteens. This is seen in some quarters as encouraging youngsters to engage in sexual activity. Again, medical advancement has outpaced cult ural and moral considerations.   Other Cultural Lags in the 20th Century   History  - and particularly recent history  - is rife with other, less traumatic examples of cultural lag that nonetheless support Ogburns position. Technology and society are fast-paced, and human nature and inclination are slow to catch up. Despite their many advantages over the handwritten word, typewriters werent routinely used in offices until 50 years after their invention. A similar situation exists with the computers and word processors that are commonplace in businesses today. They were at first met with objections from labor  unions that they would undermine the workforce, ultimately replacing people and ultimately costing jobs.   Is There a Cure?   Human nature being what it is, its unlikely that any solution exists for cultural lag. The human intellect will always strive to find ways to do things faster and more easily. It has always attempted to fix problems thought to be insurmountable. But people are wary by nature, wanting proof that something is good and worthwhile before accepting and embracing it. Cultural lag has been around since man first invented the wheel, and woman worried that traveling so fast would surely cause grievous injury.

Timeline of Indias Mughal Empire

Timeline of Indias Mughal Empire The Mughal Empire stretched across most of northern and central India, and what is now Pakistan, from 1526 to 1857, when the British exiled the last Mughal emperor. Together, the Muslim Mughal rulers and their predominantly Hindu subjects created a golden age in Indian history, full of art, scientific achievement, and stunning architecture. Later in the Mughal period, however, the emperors faced increasing encroachment by the French and the British, which ended with the fall of the Mughal Empire in 1857. Timeline of Mughal India April 21, 1526: First Battle of Panipat, Babur defeats Ibrahim Lodhi, Sultan of Delhi, and founds Mughal EmpireMarch 17, 1527: Battle of Khanwa, Babur conquers the combined army of the Rajput princes and takes control of much of northern IndiaDec. 26, 1530: Babur dies, is succeeded by son HumayanJuly 11, 1543: Pashtun leader Sher Shah Suri defeats Humayan, drives him into exile in Afghanistan1554: Humayan travels to Persia, hosted by Safavid emperorJuly 23, 1555: Discord among Sher Shah Suris successors allows Humayun to retake control of northern India, be restored to Mughal throneJan. 17, 1556: Humayan falls down stairs and dies, succeeded by 13-year-old son Akbar, later Akbar the GreatNov. 5, 1556: Second Battle of Panipat, child Emperor Akbars army defeats Hemus Hindu forces1560s - 1570s: Akbar consolidates Mughal rule over much of northern and central India, as well as what is now Pakistan and BangladeshOct. 27, 1605: Akbar the Great dies, succeeded by his son Jahangir1613: The British East India Company defeats Portuguese at Surat, Gujarat State and establishes the  first warehouse in India 1615: Britain sends the first ambassador, Sir Thomas Roe, to Mughal court1620s: Mughal art reaches a high point under Jahangirs rule1627: Emperor Jahangir dies, succeeded by son Shah Jahan1632: Shah Jahan orders destruction of newly-built Hindu temples, breaking with Mughal record of religious tolerance1632: Shah Jahan designs and begins building Taj Mahal as a tomb for his favorite wife, Mumtaz Mahal1644: British East India Company builds Fort St. George in Madras (now Chennai), southeast coastal India1658: Aurangzeb imprisons his father, Shah Jahan, for the rest of his life in the Red Fort at Agra1660s-1690s: Aurangzeb expands Mughal rule to more than 3.2 million square km, including Assam, the Deccan plateau, and parts of southern India1671: Aurangzeb orders construction of the Badshahi Mosque at Lahore, now in Pakistan1696: Establishment of British East India Companys Fort William on Ganges delta, fort and trading factory which becomes Calcutta (Kolkata)March 3, 1707: Death of Au rangzeb marks the end of Mughal Golden Era, beginning of slow decline; he is succeeded by son Bahadur Shah I Feb. 27, 1712: Bahadur Shah I dies, succeeded by incompetent son Jahandar ShahFeb. 11, 1713: Jahandar Shah is executed by agents of nephew Farrukhsiyar, who takes the Mughal throne1713 - 1719: Weak-willed Emperor Farrukhsiyar falls under the control of Syed brothers, two generals and king-makers who had helped depose Jahandar ShahFeb. 28, 1719: Syed brothers have Emperor Farrukhsiyar blinded and strangled; his cousin Rafi ud-Darjat becomes new Mughal emperorJune 13, 1719: 19-year-old Emperor Rafi ud-Darjat is murdered at Agra after just three months on the throne; Syeds appoint brother Rafi ud-Daulah to succeed himSept. 19, 1719: Syeds kill 23-year-old Emperor Rafi ud-Daulah after three months on the throneSept. 27, 1719: Syed brothers place 17-year-old Muhammad Shah on Mughal throne and rule in his name until 1720Oct. 9, 1720: Emperor Muhammad Shah orders Syed Hussain Ali Khan killed at Fatehpur SikriOct. 12, 1722: Emperor Muhammad Shah has Syed Hassan Ali Khan Barha poisoned to dea th, takes power in his own right 1728 - 1763: Mughal-Maratha Wars; Marathas seize Gujarat and Malwa, raid DelhiFeb. 13, 1739: Nader Shah of Persia invades India, wins Battle of Karnal, loots Delhi, steals Mughal Peacock ThroneMarch 11, 1748: Battle of Manipur, Mughal Army defeats Durrani invasion force from AfghanistanApr. 26, 1748: Emperor Muhammad Shah dies, succeeded by 22-year-old son Ahmad Shah BahadurMay  1754: Battle of Sikandarabad, Marathas defeat Mughal Imperial Army, kill 15,000 Mughal troopsJune 2, 1754: Emperor Ahmad Shah Bahadur deposed and blinded by Vizier Imad-ul-Mulk; former emperor spends rest of life in prison, dying in 1775June 3, 1754: Imad-ul-Mulk appoints Alamgir II, the 55-year-old second son of Jahandar Shah, as the new Mughal Emperor1756: British make lurid charges about imprisonment and death of 123 British and Anglo-Indian troops by Bengali captors in Black Hole of Calcutta; story likely fabricatedNov. 29, 1759: Imad-ul-Mulk and Maratha ruler Sadashivrao Bhau conspire to murder Alamgir II, place Aurangzebs grandson Shah Jahan III on Mughal throne Oct. 10, 1760: Shah Jahan III deposed after less than a year, but survives until 1772; succeeded by Alamgir IIs son, Shah Alam IIOct. 1760 - 1806: Emperor Shah Alam II, in alliance with Durranis, works to restore the glory of Mughal EmpireOct. 23, 1764: Battle of Buxar, British East India Company defeats the combined army of Emperor Shah Alam II and the nawabs of Awadh and BengalNov. 19, 1806: Emperor Shah Alam II dies, marking the end of effective leadership from Mughal Dynasty; he is succeeded by hapless son Akbar Shah II, who is a puppet of the BritishSept. 28, 1837: Akbar Shah II dies at age of 77, succeeded as a puppet ruler by son Bahadur Shah II1857: Use of pork and/or beef fat on army cartridges sets off the Sepoy Mutiny or Indian Revolt1858: British use Indian Revolt of 1857 as the pretext to exile last Mughal Emperor, Bahadur Shah II, to Rangoon, Burma; Mughal dynasty ends

Motivation of Employees Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Motivation of Employees - Essay Example This paper mainly focuses on the impact of managers and leaders on employee's motivation. Many researchers have found that in spite of any theory of employee motivation, the high motivation among them invariably depends on interesting work, pay, good working conditions, appreciation that they receive from their superiors, and job security. These factors are important factors in helping to motivate employee (BPIR.com, 2002). When we look at the advantages of employee it can be pointed out that motivational and inspirational experiences in their organizational life improve employees' attitudes, confidence and performance. Managers and leaders are expected to have exceptionally good leadership qualities and good people-motivation skills and inspirational techniques that will help to improve total productivity. There are several motivational methods. It may range from inspirational quotes and poems, to team building games and activities, warm-ups and exercises for conferences, workshops, meetings and events, which itself can often be helpful for motivation of most of the employees. According to the McGregor's XY Theory of motivation, motivated people perform better. Douglas McGregor who was an American social psychologist, in his 1960 book 'The Human Side of Enterprise' proposed the famous X-Y theory. Theory x and theory y are even today referred to in the field of management and motivation. McGregor's X-Y Theory remains a valid basic principle from which to develop positive management style and techniques. Hence it is important for all the managers to follow some of the basic principles of this theory because McGregor's XY Theory still remains central to organizational development, and to improving organizational culture. This theory is a simple reminder of the natural rules for managing people, which under the pressure of day-to-day work are easily forgotten. According to McGregor there are two fundamental approaches to managing people. In general it is found that many managers follow theory x, and sometimes get poor results. Other managers use theory y, which produces better performance and results, and allows people to grow and develop. In any organization it is found that people playing games or competing in teams learn about each other, and also in this process communicate better and see each other in a new light. It also results in mutual respect. This is the bases on which Johari Window theory is based. The Johari Window model was formulated by American psychologists Joseph Luft and Harry Ingham in the 1950's, while researching group dynamics. The Johari Window model is a simple and valuable tool for illustrating and improving self-awareness, and mutual understanding between individuals within a group in an organization. Today, the Johari Window model is particularly relevant due to modern emphasis on, and influence of, 'soft' skills, behaviour, empathy, cooperation, inter-group development and interpersonal development. People often enjoy events which include new non-work activities, especially when managers and bosses take part in the same teams as their junior staff, which also helps cohesiveness and 'can-do' culture (businessballs.com, 2006). Role of leaders and managers in motivating employees Motivation is a complex area and it is different for each person. It is important to get the alignment and values right, and motivational methods

Forensic Psychology and Criminal Investigation Essay - 5

Forensic Psychology and Criminal Investigation - Essay Example Researchers such as Harris and Rice are of the perspective that the more conventional talk therapy psychopaths receive, the more they are able to hone their skills of manipulation, deceit (Patrick, 2006). Consequently, the probability of future risk offending accelerates as psychopaths are already more susceptible to violence and offences over a longer span of time than non-psychopaths. A retrospective study carried out in 2011 revealed escalated criminal recidivism after customary psychopathy treatments. Empirical studies have even revealed that treatments suited for other offenders can actually prove detrimental for psychopaths (McMurran, Egan, & Ahmadi, 1998). This point can be understood by considering the fact that psychopaths are categorically dissimilar from other offenders. They have no impairment or wrong that can be fixed by therapy or clinical treatments. Instead, they display an evolutionarily viable life strategy based on manipulation, cheating, callousness, and the like traits. Personality disorders encompass symptoms that tend to be rigid, inflexible, and maladaptive; thus making it nearly impossible to treat a person completely. Harris and Rice emphasize there is hardly any evidence of a complete cure or effectual treatment for psychopaths. This is because no medicine can instil emotions such as empathy, sympathy and the like. In fact, some research even demonstrated that punitive measures and behaviour modification methodologies have no impact on improving the metal state of psychopaths (Patrick, 2006) Likewise, Hervey Cleckley also is of the view that psychopaths neither benefit from the treatment and nor are capable of entering into emotional relations that are a pre-requisite for effective therapy. The clinical literature is equally pessimistic on the subject (Cleckley, 1982). For now, the best available literature advocates that effective management and intervention can come by applying social learning

Developing Energy Efficient Building Design

Developing Energy Efficient Building Design Introduction Aims and Objectives The following five points are the key aims and objectives of the proposed building design: To provide the client with an energy efficient building design. To utilise renewable energy systems to reduce the buildings carbon footprint. To use materials in the construction of the building fabric that minimise heat losses/gains so as to reduce the loads on the services systems, and therefore the energy consumption. To provide a flexible, let able HVAC system solution for the landlord/tenant. To provide a design solution in accordance with current Building Regulations. Building summary Heron Tower is an office block located in Central London near to Liverpool Street train station. The site is situated on a traffic island bordered by Camomile Street, Outwich Street and Bishopsgate. The building has a footprint of approximately 1610m2. Site Location Heron Tower is a lightweight steel frame construction, with a concrete structural slab. The external faà §ade of the building is predominantly glazed. The building consists of a basement level, Ground Floor and 2 Floors above ground. The basement will predominantly be used for plant and storage. The ground floor comprises an entrance lobby / reception area, retail area and a loading bay. Each of the floors above ground will be broken down into two distinct areas, the office area and the core area. The building has a flat roof that is available for use for plant and equipment. The office area is to be let to tenants and will be open plan, with a floor area of approximately 1270m2. The core area will be under the control of the building landlord and will house the lifts, stairs, toilets, service risers and will have an allowance for space for tenants plant. The core area has a floor area of approximately 340m2. The total floor area is therefore approximately 6440m2, of which 3900m2 is designated landlords space (i.e. plant, storage, services, retail etc.), and 2540m2 to be let. Occupancy Design Criteria Alert the reading where youre getting the information to design each room of the building, what standards you are trying to meet / exceed. From experience, this is best presented as a cut down of an Excel in the appendix in the form of a table. This sheet should have criteria for every room. Cut it down to every type of room, so it fits on one page, usually rotated, tricky. Environmental data from CIBSE Guide A  [2]   Lighting data from CIBSE LG7 -Lighting for Offices  [3]   Ventilation Cooling Heating Domestic Cold Water The domestic cold water service will be provided via a cold water booster set, taking water from a mains fed storage tank. This service will provide water for drinking, toilets, cleaning, mechanical pressurisation units, and will also feed the domestic hot water system via an unvented storage calorifier. The cold water service will be sized as follows: Occupancy: Cold water demand: Hot water demand: Domestic Hot Water The domestic hot water service will be provided via a two-pipe system fed from a central unvented storage calorifier, with a system pump to circulate the water to maintain the temperature. It is proposed that the primary method of heating the water is produced using an indirect solar hot water heating system. The system will comprise a solar array on the roof of the building that will heat the domestic hot water via a coil in the storage calorifier. The system water will be circulated through the solar panels and coil using a pump. The calorifier provided will have dual coils to allow the solar heating system to be supplemented by the main building heating system. This secondary coil will be used to heat the water if the solar system fails to meet hot water demand. Both coils will be controlled using automatic 3-port control valves For more detailed information about the solar hot water heating system see section 6.1. Acoustics Lighting Electrical Services Supplemented by wind turbines on roof Distribution of Services Landlord Areas Mechanical Electrical Tenants / Public Areas Mechanical LTHW and CHW pipework to air conditioning units will be housed in the ceiling void. Electrical Distribution of small power to the office area will be via floor boxes fed from a raised floor. Power for air conditioning units and lighting will be distributed via the ceiling void. Energy Metering Metering will be provided on both incoming service mains to the site and on sub-circuits within the building for monitoring by the building energy manager. Metering provisions will enable the energy manager to attribute at least 90% of the energy usage to specific systems, e.g. lighting, heating etc. in accordance with The Building Regulations Part L2A  [4]  . The meters provided shall be BMS compatible to allow for automatic data collection. The metering strategy for the building is as follows: Mains Metering Electricity Electricity will be metered on the incoming mains to monitor the buildings overall electrical energy usage and for billing purposes (in accordance with ) Water Water will be metered on the incoming mains to monitor the overall water usage and for billing purposes (in accordance with water bylaws). Gas Gas will be metered on the incoming mains to monitor the overall gas usage and for billing purposes (in accordance with ) Sub-Metering Sub-metering will be provided to monitor energy usage on sub-systems so that the overall energy usage of the building can be broken down into the various systems and analysed by the building energy manager. Sub-metering will also be used to differentiate between energy usage by the landlord and tenants for billing purposes. The sub-metering strategy has been devised in accordance with CIBSE TM39  [5]  . The sub-metering strategy for the building is as follows: Electricity The landlords and tenants supplies will be fed from separate distribution boards to allow differentiation between energy usages. The feeds to these distribution boards will be metered at the L.V switchgear. Metering will also be provided at the local distribution boards to monitor energy usage across the main categories of electricity usage. The categories that will be monitored are: Lighting Office small power (including computer equipment etc.) Ventilation plant Heating plant Cooling plant Air conditioning units Heating/Air Conditioning Heating and air conditioning in the landlord and tenant areas will be fed by separate sub-circuits. The energy used by each of these circuits will be monitored by using in line pipe heat meters located in the service risers. Water Domestic hot and cold water usage at the toilets on levels 1 2, and in the staff areas in the basement will be monitored using water meters located in the service risers. Gas Gas is only used for the gas fired boiler plant. As the gas is metered at the incoming main no sub-metering is required. Solar Domestic Hot Water System The output of the solar hot water generation system will be measured by installing a heat meter inline to the feed from the solar array to the storage calorifier. This heat meter will measure the flow rate of the water as well as its temperature in order to gauge system output. A meter will also be installed in the sub-circuit feed from the LTHW system to ascertain how much LTHW has to be used when the solar hot water generation system fails to satisfy demand. Wind Power System Energy produced by the wind turbines located on the roof of the building will be metered to provide the building energy manager with data on the actual output of the wind turbines. This will be metered on the common feed from the turbines to the storage battery. The consultation on changes to the technical  guidance for Part L issued in June 2009 proposes: The output of any renewable energy system  provided as part of the works must be  separately monitored. Safety Benchmarking This section is to give the reader an idea of the minimum standard to be achieved by your proposed design. Usually BSRIA Rule of Thumb gives you a starting point in W/m2. There is usually guidance in the form of Best Practice for a particular type of building: school, hospital, office, leisure centre etc. CIBSE guide A Table 6.2 Benchmark allowances for internal heat gains in typical buildings BSRIA Rules of thumb 4th ed Heat Calculations You will need to calculate the current baseline design using typical construction materials. This could be done using Hevacomp  [6]  , IES  [7]  or Excel. Then you could consider orientation, shading and construction materials to recalculate heat loss /gains. Typically, improved U values for windows are considered, but then you must justify the decision based on costs / environmental pollution etc. Could include the unoptimised design, if the building is a refurbishment. You should include any restrictions, listed building, planning constraints etc. Heat losses You should make the calculations, say in Hevacomp, but only include a summary in the text. This includes the U values for the building elements: wall, floor, roof, door, windows, these could be calculated from scratch, taken from the CIBSE guide, Hevacomp database or manufacturers data. Literature Review (In-depth investigation) The literature review should consider one or two particular areas. You should use a selection matrix to highlight two or three potential solutions depending on your criteria (your client usually wants the cheapest construction- low capital cost) usually you want either low C02, low energy bills, low maintenance, highest safety etc. You must be able to defend your selection. Now investigate the options based on the selection matrix, you dont need to supply manufacture information, but you may need to hassle manufacturers for cost information, or size information (e.g bore hole depths for ground source heat pumps, GSHP) Heating supply for example You could select gas or electric or CHP or GSHP or ASHP or oil, liquefied gas etc. Select two or three and investigate options in-depth Heating systems You could decide between radiators, under-floor heating, electric storage heaters etc. Ventilation Requirements Ventilation is a means of changing the air within a space in order to: Provide fresh air for respiration Preserve oxygen levels in the air in enclosed spaces Control carbon dioxide Control moisture/humidity Remove heat from processes carried out within a space Remove atmospheric contaminants such as odours, smoke and dust Maintain comfort conditions Provide oxygen for combustion Types of Ventilation Ventilation may take many forms and the method of ventilating buildings will vary from project to project. Whatever the specific design for ventilating a building may be, it can always be divided into three categories- natural ventilation, mechanical ventilation and air conditioning. Designers may decide to focus the design of the buildings ventilation system solely on one of these three methods, or to use a combination of the three. Natural Ventilation Natural ventilation is the most economic method of ventilating a building as it uses components of the buildings structure, such as windows, louvres, trickle vents and air bricks to provide the buildings ventilation, therefore requiring little or no energy to operate (although it can contribute to the buildings energy losses). When deciding to use natural ventilation in a building design the following factors should be taken into consideration: Location: is the building situated in an area where having windows open for the purpose of ventilation is going to allow high noise levels or smells into the building? Size: how big is the building? If the building is large are there internal rooms that are not close to external walls/windows and could therefore be insufficiently ventilated naturally? Temperature maintenance: what measures will be used to maintain a comfortable internal temperature if the external temperatures are fluctuating? Energy consumption: although utilising natural ventilation will reduce energy consumption by not requiring any mechanical plant to operate, constantly having windows open will lead to larger heat losses than would be expected from an identical sealed building. This will increase the energy use of any heating systems in place. Seasonal weather: will natural ventilation provide enough cooling on hot summers days to maintain comfortable conditions? Will it still be practical to have windows open on particularly cold days? If natural ventilation is used as a buildings sole means of ventilation then it can be very difficult to maintain comfortable conditions all year round, as you are depending on an unknown and uncontrollable factor i.e. the weather. The only control that is really available is to open or close windows or other building components. Mechanical Ventilation Mechanical ventilation systems are installed where natural ventilation is impractical or there is a necessity to achieve a specific number of air changes per hour in order to comply with legislation and regulations. Mechanical ventilation systems can take three forms: Mechanical intake with natural extract Mechanical extract with natural intake Mechanical intake and extract Whilst both the capital and running costs of a mechanical system are higher than that of a natural system, mechanical systems will provide a reliable and controllable air change rate that is required in some circumstances, and is simply not achievable via natural ventilation. When deciding to use mechanical ventilation in a building design the following factors should be taken into consideration: Size: is the building big enough to warrant the installation of a mechanical ventilation system? Location/use of rooms: does the building have internal rooms that have no other means of smell/heat extraction such as toilets or kitchens, therefore requiring a mechanical ventilation system? Cost: does the buildings need for ventilation warrant the cost of installing, running and maintaining a mechanical ventilation system? Maintenance: is maintenance of the system going to be easy and affordable? Space: is there going to be enough space in the building for the plant/distribution systems required for a mechanical ventilation system? A mechanical ventilation system provides the occupants of the building with a higher level of control over comfort conditions than would be provided when relying solely on natural ventilation. It would not however provide the level of controllability that can be achieved by an air conditioning system. Air Conditioning Air conditioning is the process of controlling condition of the air supplied to a space by subjecting the air to a number of processes including heating, cooling, humidification and dehumidification. Air conditioning is used where close control of comfort conditions is required, or where acceptable internal conditions cannot be achieved using either natural or mechanical ventilation. When deciding to use an air conditioning system in a building design the following factors should be taken into consideration: Size: is the building big enough to warrant the installation of an air conditioning system? Location/use of rooms: does the building have internal rooms that have no other means of smell/heat extraction such as toilets or kitchens, therefore requiring the installation of a mechanical ventilation system as well as the air conditioning system? Cost: is the need to maintain comfort conditions and temperatures great enough to warrant the cost of installing, running and maintaining an air-conditioning system? Maintenance: is maintenance of the system going to be easy and affordable? Space: is there going to be enough space in the building for the plant/distribution systems required for an air conditioning system? Efficiency: is the plant that is going to be installed going to be energy efficient? An air conditioning system gives by far the greatest level of control over comfort conditions. Temperatures can be controlled locally and accurately, meaning that people in different areas of the building can decide on the conditions that they feel most comfortable. The installation of an air conditioning system can also remove the requirement for a separate heating system, if a multi-functional fan coil unit system, or equivalent, were to be installed, therefore allowing conditions to be maintained comfortably all year round. Renewables Now the Mayor of London has put his backing into renewables, it must be included as a potential measure. Typically students investigate hydrogen, solar heated water, PV, tidal, wind or biomass. You need to decide which one is appropriate then make some calculations. Please learn to use equation editor (its under Insert -> Object). Unfortunately, its not installed by default by Word, but you can add it in by a add/remove option in Office Setup. From your decisions you should be able to calculate the CO2 and energy savings, based this upon a standard condensing boiler and the current price of gas and electricity. Include grants / tax breaks into the calculation. Finally, financials including simple pay back period should be included, but you should rerun the calculation based on future energy prices as well.

War of 1812

Several forces led Americans to declare war on Britain in 1812. France and Britain, Europe’s two most powerful nations, had battled almost continuously since the late 1700s. Hostilities began during the French Revolution, and then continued as Britain led the efforts to stop French expansion under Napoleon I. In 1803, the continuing tension in Europe escalated into a full-scale conflict, the Napoleonic Wars. As fighting between the British and French increased, each side took steps to prevent the United States from trading with the other. The great causes of complaint against Great Britain, your committee need only say, that the United States, as a sovereign and independent Power, claim the right to use the ocean, which is the common and acknowledged highway of nations, for the purposes of transporting, in their own vessels, the products of their own soil and the acquisitions of their own industry†¦. † (Document 1). European warfare directly affected American trade and the economy. American presidents from Jefferson to Madison tried to keep the United States impartial during these conflicts, but both France and Britain completely disregarded the rights of neutral countries. Another conflict occurred in North America itself, which was clashing with a native population committed to protecting its lands from intruders. In both the North and South, the threatened tribes united to resist white infringement. They began as well to build connections with British forces in Canada and Spanish forces in Florida. Therefore, the Indian conflict on land became intertwined with the European conflict on the seas, and ultimately helped cause the War of 1812. In 1805, at the Battle of Trafalgar, the British virtually destroyed the French navy. Since France was no longer a threat to the British at sea, Napoleon designed what he called the Continental System, which closed the European continent to British trading. Napoleon also issued decrees banning British ships and neutral ships at British ports from leaving their cargoes at any European port controlled by France or its allies. The British government responded by establishing a blockade of the European coast. The blockade required that any goods being shipped to Napoleon's Europe be carried either in British vessels or in neutral vessels stopping at British ports. In the early 19th century, the United States had developed one of the most important merchant marines in the world, which controlled a large proportion of the trade between Europe and the West Indies. However, the conflicts in Europe threatened that control, because American ships were caught between Napoleon's decrees and Britain's blockade. Both of the belligerent powers were violating America's rights as a neutral nation. Yet most Americans considered the British, with their greater sea power, the worst offender, since the British vessels frequently stopped American ships on the high seas and seized sailors off the decks, making them victims of â€Å"impressment. † The British navy received low pay, had terrible ship conditions, and few volunteered. As a result, most had to be â€Å"impressed† into the service. Many deserted and emigrated to the United States to join the American merchant marine or the American navy. To justify this loss of men, the British claimed the right to stop and search American merchantmen and reimpress deserters. Public outrage over impressment grew increasingly after the incident between the American naval frigate Chesapeake and a British vessel, the Leopard. In June 1807 the Leopard approached the Chesapeake and demanded to search the ship for British deserters. The Chesapeake’s commander, James Barron, refused, and the Leopard opened fire. Numerous American sailors were killed or wounded during the attack, and the Chesapeake surrendered. When news of the Chesapeake-Leopard incident reached the United States, there was a great cry for revenge. But Jefferson and Madison tried to maintain peace. Jefferson ordered British warships to leave American waters and demanded an end to impressment. The British did make some apologies and restitution for the Chesapeake-Leopard incident, but continued to claim the right to seize American ships and inspect them for deserters. To avoid war and maintain neutrality, Jefferson persuaded Congress to pass the Embargo Act of 1807. It prohibited American ships from leaving the United States for any foreign port anywhere in the world, a policy that banned trade with Europe. British and French aggression hurt New England more than any other section of the country, but its merchants did not want to go to war with the British. Twenty out of thirty-two New England representatives voted against war with England in 1812 (Document 5). Britain was the region's most important trading partner, and the profits were extremely important. The Embargo was a growing political problem, and Jefferson decided to back down. A few days before leaving office, he approved a bill ending the embargo with what he called â€Å"peaceable coercion. † Consequently, Congress replaced it in 1809 with the Non-Intercourse Act, which forbade trade only with France and Britain. This measure was also overturned in 1810 by Macon's Bill No. 2, which reopened American commerce with all nations, but authorized the President to prohibit commerce with either belligerent if it should continue violating neutral shipping. In an effort to force the United States to reimpose the Embargo against Britain, Napoleon announced that France would no longer interfere with American shipping. Madison announced that an embargo against Great Britain alone would automatically go into effect early in 1811 unless Britain renounced its restrictions on American shipping. This new embargo persuaded England to repeal its blockade of Europe. Nonetheless, the repeal came too late to prevent war. As stated by Congressman John Calhoun, â€Å"The question†¦ is reduced to this single point-which shall we do, abandon or defend our own commercial and maritime rights, and the personal liberties of our citizens employed in exercising them? These rights are essentially attacked, and more is the only means of redress†¦. I know of one principle to make a nation great†¦ and that is to protect every citizen in the lawful pursuit of his business†¦. Protection and patriotism are reciprocal†¦ if [the British] persist in such daring insult and injury to [the United States], it will be bound in honor and interest to resist. † (Document 2). Did the United States actually have a choice other than to resort to war? Western and southern representatives in Congress, most notably Henry Clay of Kentucky and John Caldwell Calhoun of South Carolina, led a pro-war faction that became known as the War Hawks. They argued that British officers from Canada were encouraging Native American peoples to rebel against the United States. For many years, frontiersmen had fought interior tribes with little help from the federal government. The War Hawks now felt they could enlist federal aid against Native Americans and their British allies by supporting a war to stop British interference with American trade on the seas. In addition, the War Hawks wanted to acquire more land. The United States could seize the territories of Canada and Florida in a war with Great Britain. Thus, representatives from the South and the Western Frontier voted strongly in favor of war with Great Britain (Document 5). Since the American Revolution, the United States had been provoked by the failure of the British to withdraw from American territory along the Great Lakes. Their backing of the Indians on America's frontiers and their unwillingness to sign commercial agreements favorable to the United States also upset Americans. Ever since the Revolution most Indians had continued to look to England for protection. The British in Canada, for their part, had relied on the Indians as partners in the lucrative fur trade. The 1807 war crisis following the Chesapeake-Leopard incident revived the conflict between Indians and white settlers. This conflict involved William Henry Harrison and Tecumseh. Harrison was an advocate of development in the western lands. Jefferson offered the Indians a choice: they could convert themselves into settled farmers and become a part of white society, or they could migrate west of the Mississippi. In either case, they would have to give up their claims to their tribal lands in the Northwest. The separate tribes were helpless by themselves against the power of the United States so the British authorities in Canada were willing to help. This further enraged Americans and led to war. There were several circumstances and events, which led to the War of 1812. Britain continually violated America’s rights as a neutral nation. It created a blockade. It also established a policy of impressments. In addition, the British incited the Indians to attack Americans for western territory. The United States continually tried to remain neutral. However, according to Hugh Nelson of Virginia,†Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ to demonstrate to the world†¦ that the people of these states were united, one and indivisible†¦ to show that our republican government was competent to assert its rights, to maintain the interests of the people, and to repel all foreign aggression†¦ My conduct as your representative has been regulated entirely by these great and important considerations. † (Document 7). This clearly shows that war was inevitable. It was important that for once we as a country came together and asserted ourselves as a unified nation.

Life Changing Experience When She Flirted with Him Essay

One moment could have changed my life forever. Everything I had or hadnt done, said or hadnt said ultimately was a big factor in what happened the moment my heart truly skipped a beat. For I knew that in that moment, I had to stand helplessly by while I let him take his course meanwhile praying that the time that we had spent together had earned me a special place in his heart. I prayed that Id shown him just how much he spoke to my heart and that my heart had spoken to him in some way. We all face this moment in some point in our lives. Whether we now look back at this moment as a regret that is gone but never forgotten or can still remember that sigh of relief knowing that things had gone the way that we had hoped, only we know in our†¦show more content†¦Back then, that is what we did best. We joked, talked, exchanged smiles and even embraced from time to time meanwhile both of us were counting the minutes until I could lock the door and go home. Both smitten with each ot her, we both had enjoyed the few months that we had spent together. Time seemed to fly when we were together and when we werent it seemed that we were busy making excuses as to why we should hang out together again. The one thing that we were missing was that I had been holding back on giving us a label. My heart still very much affected from my last train wreck I had stopped us at somewhere in between friendship and romance. At that time, however, it didnt occur to me to even bother myself with rushing into any official titles. Then Stephanie walked in changing the way we looked at our relationship forever. Being a bartender at the bar connected to the restaurant, I had grown accustomed to seeing her night after night. It wasnt until she had placed an order meanwhile checking to see if Marco was also on the menu that night that made my heart skip a beat. Dont get me wrong, I knew that Marco had a certain look and charm about him that had turned girl’s heads more than once wh en he had been with me. It was the ease in which she walked over to start a conversation with him and the rate in which a simple conversation quickly turned into flirting on her part that took me back, way back. As he recalls it, flames could be seen shooting through myShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of Hbo By Brothers Mark And Jay Duplass Essay2505 Words   |  11 Pagescontemporary society, entertainment has evolved and comedies in particular have become more inclusive of women. There is a rise in television shows incorporating feminist ideology, and in those shows come new types of humor focused on female identities, experiences and values. Rather than laughing at women through the use of tired clichà ©s, sitcom creators are inviting audiences to laugh with female characters. 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